Trimethylglycine (TMG) for homocysteine balance and heart health
TMG 500 mg is a pure dietary supplement with trimethylglycine (TMG, also called betaine anhydrate) in capsules. TMG is a natural methyl donor that is part of the one-carbon metabolism and supports the conversion of homocysteine ​​to methionine. EFSA has approved the health claim "betaine contributes to normal homocysteine ​​metabolism" when the product contains at least 500 mg of betaine per portion, and when the consumer is informed that the beneficial effect is achieved with a daily intake of 1.5 g. This product has been developed for adults who want a practical, neutral tasteless supplement for daily use.

Summary
TMG has been linked to heart and liver-related nutritional functions since the 1950s. As a methyl donor, it supports homocysteine ​​balance and can thus contribute to normal biochemical processes in cardiovascular and general metabolic health. MG 500 mg delivers 500 mg of TMG per capsule (1000 mg per daily dose of 2 capsules) - and can be combined with B6, folate and B12 to support the same metabolic axis.

Health effects
• Homocysteine metabolism (EFSA approved): Betaine contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism. Requirements: ≥500 mg per portion and information that a beneficial effect is achieved by 1.5 g betaine daily.
• Methyl Support: TMG donates methyl groups in the reaction homocysteine→methionine and thus relieves folate/B12-dependent routes.
• Liver support (neutral description): TMG is used in nutritional research in the context of fat transport and liver phospholipid metabolism (informative, without medical claims).
• Inflammation balance (informative): Clinical/experimental literature describes that TMG can affect the expression of inflammatory markers (e.g. NF-κB, TNF-α) - presented as a mechanistic background, not as a disease claim.
• Mitochondrial/energy-related biochemistry (informative): TMG is mentioned in research in relation to cellular energy metabolism and mitochondrial function.

Top health effects and surprising benefit
• Homocysteine balance 🧬: EFSA-approved claim for betaine at the correct dose and labelling.
• One-carbon metabolism ⚙️: Interaction with folate/B12/B6 for the methionine cycle (biochemical support).
• Surprising advantage ✨: In people with a low intake of B vitamins, TMG can be particularly useful because it provides an alternative methyl pathway for homocysteine→methionine.

Technical details and specifications
Form: Capsules (vegetable).
Active ingredient: Trimethylglycine (TMG, betaine anhydrate).
Serving size (recommended daily dose): 2 capsules daily (= 1000 mg TMG).
Contents per capsule: TMG 500 mg.
Other ingredients: Vegetable cellulose (capsule), glycerin, purified water.
Allergens: None known. The product is suitable for vegetarians and is non-GMO.

Dosage and use
Adults: 2 capsules in the morning together with water, preferably on an empty stomach or as directed by a healthcare professional.
Note for EFSA claim: To be able to invoke the EFSA claim about homocysteine, the consumer must be informed that the beneficial effect is achieved with 1.5 g of betaine per day. This product provides 1.0 g/day at 2 capsules; if necessary, the dose can be adjusted in consultation with healthcare personnel and/or combined with dietary sources to reach 1.5 g/day.
Co-factors: Can be taken together with vitamin B6, folate and vitamin B12.

Regulatory notices (Norway/EEA)
• EFSA/Commission Regulation 432/2012 allows the claim "betaine contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism» when:
– the product contains at least 500 mg betaine per serving, and
– the consumer is informed that a beneficial effect is achieved with 1.5 g of betaine daily.
• Safety: EFSA has pointed out that 4 g/day betaine over at least six weeks can increase total cholesterol; such amounts are not recommended without medical follow-up.
• This product contains not vitamins/minerals with RI, therefore no RI percentage to state.

Caveats and warnings
• Allowed for use by adults. Keep out of the reach of children.
• Do not exceed the recommended daily dose without advice from healthcare professionals.
• Pregnant/breastfeeding women and people under medical treatment should consult a doctor before use.
• Dietary supplements must do not replace a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.

Disclaimer
Uno Vita increasingly uses artificial intelligence for analyses, summaries and design of articles. We do not accept responsibility for possible errors in texts, articles or descriptions due to human or computer technology (AI) errors, inaccuracies or missing information in scientific and medical studies. The information is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. All use is at your own risk. Uno Vita AS does not claim that our products can cure disease.

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Scientific references

1. EFSA NDA Panel. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to betaine and contribution to normal homocysteine ​​metabolism. EFSA Journal 2011;9(4):2052.

2. Commission Regulation (EU) No 432/2012. List of permitted health claims… (Art.13(1) betaine – conditions of use).

3. EFSA NDA Panel. Safety of betaine as a novel food. EFSA Journal 2017;15(11):5057.

4. EFSA NDA Panel. Safety of betaine as a novel food – update. EFSA Journal 2019;17(4):5658.

5. Zawieja EE, et al. Betaine supplementation and blood lipids: meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2021.

6. Atkinson W, et al. Dietary and supplementary betaine: acute effects on plasma betaine and homocysteine. Am J Clin Nutr, 2008.

7. Detopoulou P, et al. Dietary choline and betaine intakes in relation to inflammatory markers. Am J Clin Nutr, 2008.

8. Slow S, et al. Dietary betaine and inflammation. Am J Clin Nutr, 2008.

9. Roe AJ, et al. Choline and betaine and cardiovascular risk factors. Am J Clin Nutr, 2017.

10. Lu XT, et al. Low-dose B vitamins and betaine for hyperhomocysteinemia. Eur J Nutr, 2023.

11. Arumugam MK, et al. Beneficial effects of betaine: a comprehensive review. Biology, 2021.

12. Mukherjee S. Role of betaine in liver disease. World J Gastroenterol, 2020.

13. Rehman A, Mehta KJ. Betaine in ameliorating alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis. Eur J Nutr, 2022.

14. Filipčev B, et al. Betaine in cereal grains and grain-based products. Foods, 2018.

15. Gillies NA, et al. Nutritional supplementation and cardiometabolic profiles. Eur J Nutr, 2022.

16. Yeroshkina K, et al. Betaine consumption and folate-related pathologies. Nutr Rev, 2023.

17. McRae MP. Vitamin B12 and homocysteine ​​in health and disease. Nutrients, 2016.

18. Stover PJ. One-carbon metabolism–related nutrients and brain health. Am J Clin Nutr, 2011.

19. da Costa KA, et al. Choline metabolism and homocysteine ​​regulation. Am J Clin Nutr, 2006.

20. EFSA EU Register (consolidated). Entry for betaine homocysteine ​​claim – conditions (≥500 mg/portion; 1.5 g/day for effect).

21. BfR summary of EFSA 2005 data. Homocysteine reductions at 1.5–6 g/day betaine in trials