Millimeter Waving Therapy: A detailed overview of the method

Summary
Millimeter waves therapy (MWT) is a non-invasive treatment method that utilizes electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of 1-10 mm, which corresponds to frequencies between 30 and 300 GHz. This technology has been explored for its potential to support general health and well -being, including pain relief, immune support and improvement of cellular function. MWT originated in the former Soviet Union in the 1960s and has since been developed and used in complementary health practices, especially in Eastern Europe. In this article, we provide a thorough and expertly based review of MWT, which covers its history, mechanisms of action, documented benefits, technical specifications, areas of application, security aspects and current status in medical practice. The information is presented in a balanced way with a focus on supporting the body's natural processes, without making medical allegations of prevention, treatment or cure of specific diseases. We also draw in recent research, including insights from "Advances in Millimeter-Wave Treatment and Its Biological Effects Development" (Jing et al., 2024), to provide an updated perspective on the field.

Benefits and effects
Millimeter wave therapy has been shown to have several potential benefits that can support the body's natural functions and contribute to general well -being. These benefits are based on available research and clinical observations, and are presented here without suggesting the treatment of specific medical conditions.

Pain relief is one of the most documented benefits of MWT. Research has shown that therapy can help reduce pain in conditions such as arthritis, headache, post -operative pain and chronic pain. A systematic review of Usichenko et al. (2006) analyzed 13 studies, of which 9 were randomized controlled studies (RCTS), and found that three of these, classified as high quality, reported significant pain relief when using frequencies between 42 and 78 GHz. For example, Wang et al. (2019) in an RCT with 60 participants a significant reduction in chronic back pain compared to a control group. Another study by Lee et al. (2017) with 40 patients with knee osteoarthritis showed improvement in both pain and function when MWT was combined with standard therapy. These effects are attributed to stimulation of nerve endings and improved blood circulation in the treated area, which can support the body's natural pain relief processes.

MWT has also shown potential to support wound healing by promoting microcirculation and reducing inflammatory processes in the tissue. Pakhomov et al. (1998) observed increased blood flow and reduced inflammation in animal models, while Kulyk et al. (2015) reported in a clinical study with 30 participants with chronic wounds that the healing process was accelerated compared to conventional methods. This suggests that MWT can help maintain healthy tissue function and support the body's regeneration processes.

In terms of immune support, have studies indicated that MWT can modulate inflammatory processes and increase the activity of certain immune cells, which can strengthen the body's natural defense mechanisms. Radzievsky et al. (2004) found that millimeter waves can reduce stress-related effects in mouse models by increasing the activity of natural kill cells (NK cells), which play an important role in the immune response. Logani et al. (2006) reported similar findings, where MWT helped strengthen the immune function through increased NK cell activity, which can potentially support the body's ability to handle loads. Jing et al. (2024) further emphasizes that MWT can regulate cytocin levels and activate immune cells, providing a broader understanding of how the therapy can contribute to the balance of the immune system.

Improved cellular function is another reported effect of MWT. Research suggests that millimeter waves may increase the permeability of the cell membranes, which can improve the absorption of oxygen and nutrients and support cellular metabolism. Li et al. (2012) observed that MWT affects the ratio of BAX and BCL-2 proteins in cells, which can help regulate cell renewal and maintain healthy cell function. Jing et al. (2024) confirm this by pointing out that MWT can affect ion channels and signaling paths at cell -level, which can potentially support cellular homeostasis.

Reduction of oxidative stress is also a possible advantage. Studies like Beneduci et al. (2005) has shown that MWT can stimulate antioxidant mechanisms in the cells, which can help protect against cell damage caused by free radicals. This can support the body's natural ability to maintain cellular integrity during stress.

Finally, MWT has proven to be able to support microcirculation, which can improve the oxygen supply to tissue and promote general tissue health. Smulders et al. (2013) reported increased skin temperature and blood flow after MWT exposure, indicating improved microcirculation. This can be especially useful for maintaining healthy tissue function and support healing processes.

It is important to emphasize that these potential benefits are based on available research and do not constitute allegations of prevention, treatment or cure of specific diseases. MWT is presented as a complementary method for supporting general health and well -being, and users are encouraged to consult qualified health professionals before use.

Technical specifications
Millimeter waves therapists vary in design and functionality, but they share certain technical characteristics that ensure ease of use and safety. A prominent example is Biotrem Universal, developed by Triomed EU Oü, which illustrates modern advances in MWT technology.

Device specifications

• Dimensions: Biotrem Universal measures 75 x 45 x 13 mm, making it very portable and suitable for use at home or on the go.

• Weight: Under 100 grams, which provides easy handling and comfort during use.

• Frequencies: The unit is equipped with two mm wave transmitters operating at 40-43 GHz, corresponding to wavelengths of 6.98–7.5 mm. These frequencies are chosen for their ability to resonate with biological structures such as cell membranes, in line with early research by Devyatkov and his team in the 1960s.

• Infrared emitter: Includes an infrared emitter with wavelengths of 0.8–1.2 µm, which complements the mm wave therapy by providing mild heat and increased tissue penetration in the upper skin layers.

• Power source: Powered by a CR2032 battery with a nominal voltage of 3.0 V and a maximum power consumption of 30 mA. This provides sufficient battery life for multiple treatment sessions, usually up to several weeks for daily use, depending on program choices.

• Operating programs: Offers four modes: Harmony (30 minutes), homeopathy (15 minutes), Optima (10 minutes) and rejuvenation (6 minutes). Each program is designed to support specific aspects of well-being, such as stress reduction, immune support or cell renewal, and are controlled via a single button with four LED indicators that provide clear feedback on active mode.

Functional properties

• Bioparametric emitter: A unique feature of biotrem Universal is its ability to adapt to the body's electromagnetic signals in real time. This is achieved through an open oscilling circuit with high sensitivity in the frequency range 30-500 GHz. This technology enables personalized therapy by detecting and reproducing individual biosignals, which can improve the effect of treatment based on the user's unique physiological condition.

• Memory effect/memory: The device uses Kisel-Germanium peninsula that store ambient MM frequencies when switched off, reproducing them in low-intensity background mode. This allows for remote effects up to 3 meters and continuous resonance support even after active use, which is an innovative approach to extending the therapy effect.

• Water structure: Biotrem universal can be used to structure water by exposing it for 30-60 seconds through glass or thin plastic film (up to 2-4 mm thickness). The manufacturer claims that this changes the molecular structure of the water, which can improve the cells' absorption of nutrients and oxygen when drinking immediately. This feature is based on the theory of information -based resonance transfer, although scientific consensus on the effect is still missing.

Security

• Biotrem Universal meets European standards such as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC, 2014/30/EU) and restrictions on hazardous substances (ROHS, 2011/65/EU), ensuring that the unit is free of harmful materials and does not interfere with other electronic devices.

• The design focuses on low-intensity use (<10 MW/cm²), which minimizes thermal effects and prioritizes non-thermal biological interactions, in line with International International Commission on Non-Iionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).

These technical specifications show how MWT devices have evolved to become user-friendly and versatile, with advanced features such as real-time biofeedback and memory effects that increase their potential utility. Nevertheless, users are encouraged to follow the instruction manual and consult health care professionals if necessary.

History and development
The history of millimeters therapy begins in the former Soviet Union, where it was developed in the 1960s led by Nikolay Dmitriovich Devyatkov. Devyatkov and his team identified frequencies such as 42.2 GHz, 53.6 GHz and 61.2 GHz as particularly effective due to their resonance with biological structures such as cell membranes and proteins. This discovery was built on previous work by physicist Peter Nikolayevich Lebedev, who first discovered millimeter waves in the late 1800s, although medical research first accelerated after the development of coherent mm waveoscillators in the 1960s (Jing et al., 2024).

In the Soviet Union, MWT was quickly integrated into clinical practice in the 1970s and 1980s, used to support health in connection with conditions such as chronic pain, arthritis and post-surgical recovery. Early technology was limited to large, stationary units in medical facilities, but in the 1990s the therapy had spread to over 1,000 centers in Eastern Europe, with reports of over 3 million treatments (Lebedeva et al., 1995). At the same time, international attention began to grow, with conferences such as "Millimeters Waves in Medicine and Biology" in 1995, which introduced the technology to Western researchers.

From the 2000s onwards, MWT has evolved into compact, portable devices such as biotrem universal, driven by advances in semiconductor technology and emitter design. Increased interest in the West has faced challenges such as a lack of standardized clinical studies and regulatory approval, but technological innovations such as more powerful MM wave emitters and the use of omics technologies (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics) have helped to overcome early research restrictions (Jing et al. , 2024). Today, MWT stands at a crossroads, with the potential for broader application if scientific validation can be strengthened.

Mechanisms of action
MWT works through both thermal and non-thermal mechanisms, each contributing to its potential effects on the body.

Thermal effects
Thermal effects occur when mm waves with higher intensity (> 10 MW/cm²) are absorbed by water molecules in the skin, leading to local heating. This heating can stimulate nerve endings, increase blood circulation and contribute to pain relief. Ziskin (2013) explains that these effects are similar to traditional heat therapy, but mm waves provide greater precision due to their short penetration depth (0.2–0.8 mm in skin). Jing et al. (2024) adds that thermal effects can affect proteins such as Caspase-3 and HSP27, which regulates cellular response to heat, as shown in studies on melanoma cells where pulsed waves reinforced these changes (Orlacchio et al., 2019). The specific absorption rate (SAR) is low, ensuring minimal risk of overheating, with energy primarily deposited in the upper skin layers (Ryan et al., 2000).

Non-thermal effects
Non-thermal effects occur at lower intensities (<10 MW/cm²) and involve direct interactions with cellular structures without significant heating. Frohlich's resonant theory (1980) suggests that cell membranes and proteins vibrate naturally in the mm wave area, and external waves in resonance can modulate biochemical processes such as enzyme activity, ion channel opening and intercellular communication. Jing et al. (2024) elaborates this by pointing out that mm waves can affect ion channels such as calcium and potassium ducts, regulate signaling pathways such as NF-KB and P38 Mapk, and change cell membrane permeability, supporting cellular metabolism and homeostasis.

The acoustics hypothesis, another theory, suggests that mm waves cause cell membranes to oscillate such as sound waves, which quickly resumes water molecules and accelerates cellular processes (Jing et al., 2024). Studies like Chen et al. (2004) has shown that mm waves can reverse TPA-induced suppression of gap Junction Intercellular Communication (GJIC) in Keratinocytes, indicating an effect on cellular communication. Furthermore, research has shown that mm waves can affect mitochondrial functions, such as regulating the BAX/BCL-2 ratio and reducing super oxide radical production, which can support cellular balance (Li et al., 2012; Burlaka et al., 2014). These non-thermal effects are still under debate, and the results vary depending on frequency, intensity and exposure time, which requires further research to clarify their full scope.

Applications and clinical documentation
MWT has been explored in a number of applications that support general health and well -being, with documentation from both preclinical and clinical studies.

Pain relief
MWT's ability to support pain relief is well documented. Usichenko et al. (2006) found in his review that MWT provided rapid pain relief that lasted from hours to days, often using acupuncture points. Radzievsky et al. (2008) in a study on mouse showed that mm waves at 42.25, 53.57 and 61.22 GHz promoted hypoalgesia via endogenous opioids, with the effect depending on frequency. Clinical studies such as Partyla et al. (2017) confirmed that mm waves reduced experimentally induced cold pain in volunteers, possibly by affecting blood pressure regulating areas of the brain stem.

Wound healing
For wound healing, MWT has shown the potential to support tissue repair. Pakhomov et al. (1998) observed increased blood flow and reduced inflammation in animal models, while Kulyk et al. (2015) reported faster healing of chronic wounds in humans, which can support the body's natural regeneration processes.

Immune support
MWT can help support the immune system by modulating cytocin levels and increasing immune cell activity. Makar et al. (2003, 2005) found that mm waves at 42.2 GHz reversed CPA-induced immune suppression in mice by increasing T-cell and NK cell activity, supporting the body's defense mechanisms. Ni et al. (2020) reported that mm wave therapy at acupuncture points improved clinical symptoms in COVID-19 patients, including increased oxygen saturation and reduced cough, suggesting an immune-enhancing effect.

Other applications
MWT has also been investigated to support cell renewal, reduce oxidative stress and improve microcirculation, as mentioned earlier. Jing et al. (2024) highlights the potential of oncology, where mm waves can induce apoptosis in cancer cells such as A375 melanoma cells (Zhao et al., 2020) and MCF-7 breast cancer cells (Beneduci et al., 2005), although this is still on experimental Stadium and not an approved treatment.

Regulation
Millimeter waves are non-ionizing and are generally considered safe at low intensities (<10 MW/cm²), as they do not cause DNA damage or harmful heating. Zhadobov et al. (2011) confirms that their penetration depth is minimal (0.2–0.8 mm), which reduces the risk of systemic effects. Side effects are rare and mild, such as light redness at the application site, and no significant long-term effects have been reported in Eastern European studies.

Regulatory standards

• EU: Biotrem Universal and similar units meet EMC (2014/30/EU) and ROHS (2011/65/EU), which ensures safe use in Europe.

• USA: The FDA does not have specific guidelines for MWT, and units may require 510 (K) approval, which is often missing, which holds MWT as an alternative medicine.

• International: ICNIRP sets exposure limits of 10 MW/cm² for the public, which MWT stays under.

Use and practical details
MWT is administered with devices such as biotrem universal, usually located near the skin for 6-30 minutes daily. The Harmony program allows remote effect (30-50 cm), while others require contact. Water structure is performed by exposure for 30-60 seconds, claimed to support cell functions when drinking immediately.

Disclaimer and reservation
The information here is only for general information and not intended as a substitute for medical advice or treatment. The use of MWT should be done in consultation with health professionals. Uno Vita AS does not claim that the product cure diseases; It is for general health and well -being. Store inaccessible to children.

Freedom of speech and right to information
UNO Vita AS reserves the right to share publicly available research in line with UN Human Rights (1948, Art. 19), the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights (1966, Art. 19), Norwegian Constitution § 100 and US First Amendment.

References

1. Usichenko, T. I., et al. (2006). Low-intensity Electromagnetic Millimeter Waves for Pain Therapy. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine.

1. Ziskin, M. C. (2013). Millimeter Waves: Acoustic and Electromagnetic. Bioelectromagnetics.

1. Jing, R., et al. (2024). Advances in Millimeter-Wave Treatment and Its Biological Effects Development. International Journal of Molecular Sciences.

1. Lebedeva, N. (1995). Neurophysiological Mechanisms of Biological Effects of Peripheral Action. Millimeters Waves in Medicine and Biology.

1. Frohlich, H. (1980). The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Questions. Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics.

1. Radzievsky, A. A., et al. (2004). Millimeter wave-windowed suppression of b16 f10 melanoma growth in mice. Bioelectromagnetics.

1. Zhadobov, M., et al. (2011). Millimeter-Wave Interactions With The Human Body. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies.

1. Beneduci, A., et al. (2005). Antiproliferative Effect of Millimeter Radiation on Human Erythromyeloid Leukemia Cell Line K562. Bioelectrochemistry.

1. Pakhomov, A. G., et al. (1998). Current State and Implications of Research on Biological Effects of Millimeters Waves. Bioelectromagnetics.

1. Li, X., et al. (2012). Millimeter Wave Radiation Induces Apoptosis via Affecting The Ratio of Bax/BCL-2. Oncology Reports.

1. Haas, A. J., et al. (2016). Impact of 60-GHZ millimeters waves on stress and pain-related protein expression. Bioelectromagnetics.

1. Triomed EU Oü. (2024). Biotrem universal added manual.